Agonist-bound steroid hormone receptor

The first crystal structure of the LED of the AR in complex with metri-bolone (R1881) was solved by Matias and colleagues in 2000 [38]. The LED has a similar three-dimensional structure to the other agonist-bound steroid receptors, namely the ERa, ERj6 and the PR [38]. The fact that all steroid hormone receptors bind similar hormone response elements (HREs) stands in sharp contrast to the specific activities elicited by application of the steroid... 

Steroid hormones both increase and decrease the levels of gene expression to give induction and repression, respectively. However, it is not yet clear whether all HRE-bound receptor-agonist complexes are transcriptionally active (77). A major unanswered question is how superficially similar steps can cause opposite responses. As described, the HREs for gene induction and repression are different. Repression is often achieved via receptors that are tethered to a different DNA-bound protein (97, 98) but see (99) as opposed to the... 

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