Aggregation pheromone, nitidulid beetles

Nardi J. B., Dowd P. F. and Bartelt R. J. (1996) Fine structure of cells specialized for secretion of aggregation pheromone in a nitidulid beetle Carpophilus freemani (Coleoptera Nitidulidae). Tissue Cell 28, 43-52. 

Bartelt R. J., Dowd P. F. and Plattner R. D. (1991) Aggregation pheromone of Carpophilus lugubris new pest management tools for the nitidulid beetles. In Naturally Occurring Pest Bioregulators, ed P. A. Hedin, pp. 27 -0. ACS Symposium Series No. 449, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 

The existence of a male-produced aggregation pheromone in the nitidulid beetle, CarpophUus luguhris Murray, was demonstrated using a wind tunnel (flight) bioassay. 

Pheromones are now routinely used as tools in the monitoring and control of a variety of insect pests, but until lately, nothing was known about the pheromones of nitidulid beetles. An aggregation pheromone was recently discovered in C. hemipterus (5), a close relative of C. lugubris, and it includes two tetraene hydrocarbons which were previously unknown to science (2F,4 ,6F,8 )-3,5,7-trimethyl-2,4,6,8-decatetraene (1) and (2F,4E,6F,8F)-3,5,7-trimethyl-2,4,6,8-undecatetraene (2). The pheromone is produced by male... 

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