Aedes nigromaculis

INVERTEBRATES Mosquito, Aedes nigromaculis Multi-resistant strain, fourth-stage larvae 5.6 g/ha (0.005 pounds/acre) 58% reduction 6 h after treatment 3... 

Esterasss. Esterases are a major mechanism of resistance to organophosphates and in certain cases may also contribute resistance toward carbamates and certain pyrethroids. The role of esterases in resistance in mosquitoes and aphids has been the subject of especially fruitful research during the past few years. In collaborative studies between our laboratory and French laboratories in Montpellier, Antibes and Pau, several electrophoretic forms of esterases A and B have been identified in mosquitoes (Figure 5). Esterases Ai, A2, A4, Bi, B2, and B4 are found in the Culex pipiens complex, i.e. C. pipiens and C. quinquefasciatus. Two other forms, esterases A3 and B3, are present in C. tarsalis, and still others (not yet named) in Aedes aegypti and Ae. nigromaculis from California, C. tritaeniorhynchus from Japan (22) and various Culex species from Mexico. 

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