Advancing angle

There is appreciable contact angle hysteresis for many of the systems reported in Table X-2 the customary practice of reporting advancing angles has been followed. 

A major contribution to the rational organization of contact angle data was made by Zisman and co-workers. They observed that cos 6 (advancing angle) is usually a monotonic function of 7l for a homologous series of liquids. The proposed function was... 

Contact angle measurements were obtained using a goniometer, measuring the advancing angle from 2 to 20 microliter drop sizes, of purified water upon polymer films at room temperature. Films were cast on metal plates and allowed to dry slowly from chloroform solutions. Several spots were measured on each film and the results averaged. 

The maximum height method measures an equilibrium contact angle and not the advancing angle. The measurement is difficult to perform under vacuum conditions and further difficulties arise because the powder... 

Fig. 2. Schematic representation of the (a) advancing angle and (b) static angle method for determination of the contact angle 9.

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