Adsorption process design batch operation

All such processes suffer one disadvantage in that the capacity of the adsorbent for the adsorbate in question is limited. The adsorbent has to be removed at intervals from the process and regenerated, that is, restored to its original condition. For this reason, the adsorption unit was considered in early industrial applications to be more difficult to integrate with a continuous process than, say, a distillation column. Furthermore, it was difficult to manufacture adsorbents which had identical adsorptive properties from batch to batch. The design of a commercial adsorber and its operation had to be sufficiently flexible to cope with such variations. 

DESIGN OF ADSORPTION AND ION-EXCHANGE PROCESSES 4.2.1 Adsorption and ion-exchange kinetics in batch operations... 

Since separations are ubiquitous in chemical plants and petroleum refineries, chemical engineers must be familiar with a variety of separation methods. We will first focus on some of the most common chemical engineering separation methods flash distillation, continuous column distillation, batch distillation, absorption, stripping, and extraction. These separations all contact two phases and can be designed and analyzed as equilibrium stage processes. Several other separation methods that can also be considered equilibrium stage processes will be briefly discussed. Chapters 17 and 18 e5q)lore two inportant separations—membrane separators and adsorption processes— that do not operate as equilibrium stage systems. 

Chapter S deals mainly with batch adsorption kinetics in a vessel. Determination of intraparticle diffusion parameters should be done with a simple kinetic system where no other rate processes are involved. For this purpose measurement of concentration change in the finite bath where adsorption takes place is the most effective method. Concentration change curves derived for nonlinear isotherm systems as well as for a linear isotherm system are presented for convenient determination of rate parameters. These discussions are also applicable to the analysis and design of adsorption operation in a vessel dr differential reactor. 

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