Adiabatic, semi-continuous reactor

Let us assume an adiabatic, semi-continuous reactor (see Sec. 3.2.4) with negligible input of mechanical energy (Fig. 1.22). 

In this case history, the control of the TMRaa (adiabatic Time-to-Maximum-Rate) is to be achieved in a semi-continuous reactor process by the dynamic optimization of the feed rate. Here it is desired to have the highest possible space-time-yield STY and it is necessary to achieve a thermally safe process (Keller, 1998). The reaction involves the addition of a sulfur trioxide on a nitro-aromatic compound... 

If relief sizing is for a continuous or semi-batch reactor, then it may be appropriate to use isothermal calorimetry to determine the amount of reactant accumulation under worst case conditions. The mass of the accumulation, rather than the "all-in 1 batch mass, can then be used for relief system sizing and this can reduce the required relief system size. It should sbe noted that it will still be necessary to carry out suitable adiabatic tests, as described below. Further information is given by Singh1101. 

Knowledge of these types of reactors is important because some industrial reactors approach the idealized types or may be simulated by a number of ideal reactors. In this chapter, we will review the above reactors and their applications in the chemical process industries. Additionally, multiphase reactors such as the fixed and fluidized beds are reviewed. In Chapter 5, the numerical method of analysis will be used to model the concentration-time profiles of various reactions in a batch reactor, and provide sizing of the batch, semi-batch, continuous flow stirred tank, and plug flow reactors for both isothermal and adiabatic conditions. 

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