Addition-Substitution-Elimination:,

Classify the following reactions as addition, substitution, elimination, or condensation. 

O Identify each reaction as one of the following types of reactions addition, substitution, elimination, oxidation, reduction, condensation, or hydrolysis. 

Most pyrogallol derivatives did not precipitate either (Table III). A small precipitation occurred with pyrogallol (which may be considered as a hydroxyresorcinol) and it reacts with vanillin/HCl also (7). However, any additional substitution eliminates this reactivity, e.g., gallic acid (Table IV). Purpurogallin did precipitate with formaldehyde. It is not very soluble in the reaction mixture, and it is a tropolone. Structures of this type might interfere, but in tea and probably in wine the known tropolone derivatives are flavonoids (I, 25). 

All ch nistry—whether carried out in flasks xy chemists or in cells living organisnis—follows the same rules. Most hiotogical reactions therefore occur by the same addition, substitution, elimination, and reairaitge-menl mechanisms encountered in laboratory reactions. 

Part I. The Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones Oxidation, Reduction, Addition, Substitution, and Rearrangement Part II. The Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Oxidation, Reduction, Addition, Substitution, Elimination, and Rearrangement... 

While it is possible to divide this material on oxidation, reduction, addition, substitution, elimination, and rearrangement of carboxylic acids (RCO2H) into sections corresponding to carboxylic acids themselves and then, further, to consider in the... 

The rate of a bimolecular nucleophilic or electrophilic addition, substitution, elimination, or addition-elimination reaction may be increased by several orders in the presence of an electrophilic catalyst (E+), such as metal ion, if E+ is capable of forming a complex with both reactants (say electrophile Y - Sub - X and nucleophile W - H) in an appropriate molecular geometry, which allows the reaction to proceed intramolecularly as shown in Equation 2.35. 

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