Acyl dehydrogenases and

Very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and trifunctional protein are the two inner membrane-bound... 

Boyer, P.D. Segal, H.L. (1954). Sulfhydryl groups and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and acyl-enzyme formation. In Metabolic Pathways. (Greenberg, D.M., Ed.), 2nd ed., Vol. 1, pp. 520-532. Academic Press, New York. 

The situation is simpler for odd numbered fatty acyl derivatives as [3-oxidation proceeds normally until a 5-carbon unit remains, rather than the usual 4-carbon unit. The C5 moiety is cleaved to yield acetyl-CoA (C2) and propionyl-CoA (C3). Propionyl CoA can be converted to succinyl CoA and enter the TCA cycle so the entire molecule is utilized but with a slight reduction in ATP yield as the opportunity to generate two molecules of NADH by isocitrate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase is lost because succinyl-CoA occurs after these steps in the Krebs cycle (Figure 7.18). 

Electrons enter the respiratory chain in various different ways. In the oxidation of NADH+H" by complex I, electrons pass via FMN and Fe/S clusters to ubiquinone (Q). Electrons arising during the oxidation of succinate, acyl CoA, and other substrates are passed to ubiquinone by succinate dehydrogenase or other mitochondrial dehydrogenases via en-... 

This enzyme [EC 1.3.99.2], also referred to as short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and unsaturated acyl-CoA reductase, catalyzes the reaction of butanoyl-CoA and an electron-transferring fiavoprotein to produce... 

An acyl-transfer and redox coenzyme containing two sulfhydryl groups that form a dithiolane ring in the oxidized (disulfide) form. The redox potential at pH 7 is -0.29 volts. Lipoic acid is attached to the e-amino group of lysyl residues of transacetylases (subunit of a-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes), thereby permitting acyl... 

Hintz SR, Matern D, Strauss A, et al (2002) Early neonatal diagnosis of long-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl coenzyme a dehydrogenase and mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiencies. Mol Genet Metab 75 120-127... 

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