Actual Sulfuric as Nitric Acid

ASM—actual sulfuric as nitric, ASS—actual sulfuric as sulfuric,MA—mixed acid,N normality of std soln,N A—nitric acid, N-so—nitroso, R-burette reading,SA—sulfuric acid.TA— total acidity, TAA-total actual acidity (the sum of actual sulfuric, actual nitric and actual nitroso),TAN—total acidity as nitric,... 

ASN—actual sulfuric as nitric, ASS—actual sulfuric as sulfuric,MA—mixed acid,N—normality of std soln.NA—nitric acid, N-so—nitioso,... 

Tolyltetrazolonimide. See under Amino-tolyltetrazoles A265-R Total Acidity as Nitric Acid A88-R Total Acidity as Sulfuric Acid A89-L Total Actual Acidity ApO-L Total Nitric as Nitric Acid A88 A89 Total Sulfuric as Sulfuric Acid A89 Transannular Photoperoxide of Anthracene A458-R... 

The fields marked Fe203 and Fe304 are sometimes labeled passivation on the assumption that iron reacts in these regions to form protective oxide films. This is correct only insofar as passivity is accounted for by a diffusion-barrier oxide layer (Definition 2, Section 6.1). Actually, the Flade potential, above which passivity of iron is observed in media such as sulfuric or nitric acid, parallels line a and b, intersecting 0.6 V at pH = 0. For this reason, the passive film (Definition 1, Section 6.1) may not be any of the equilibrium stoichiometric iron oxides, as is further discussed in Chapter 6. 

I mentioned an example of how CO2 becomes concentrated in steam systems (see Fig. 12.6). Anytime CO2 starts to dissolve in water, carbonic acid will form, which has a relatively high pH as compared to other common minerals acids (sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric acid). Actually, carbonic acid is aggressively corrosive to carbon steel at a pH of 5.5. Sulfuric acid at a pH of 5.5 is otrly mildly corrosive to carbon steel. 

This example involves a continuous adiabatic nitration process for the manufacture of mono-nitrobenzene (MNB) [215] by the reaction of benzene with nitric acid in a CSTR system. The process is designed to be inherently safe. No external cooling is used, but the reaction mass is heated by the reaction itself to a temperature level controlled by the amount of sulfuric add-water mixture circulating through the system. This acid actually acts as both a heat sink and as a nitration enhancer. If the sulfuric add pumps fail, the nitric add and benzene pumps are automatically shut off. 

Note Nitric acid in oleum can also be detd by nitrometer method, which gives TNN Abbreviations AN—actual nitric (unbound acid which actually participates in nitration), ANN-.actual nitric as nitric, ANS- actual nitric as sulfuric,N-so—nitroso(nitrosyl-sulfuric acid, HNOS04), AS—actual sulfuric,... 

Dehydrating Value of Sulfuric (DVS) in Mixed Acids. In the process of nitration of aliphatic alcohols (such as glycerin, glycols, etc), it is necessary to know the exact composition of the nitrating acid. In the analysis of such acid, known as mixed acid (MA), the vollowing values must be detd TA (total acidity), TS (total sulfuric), IN (total nitric), AS (actual sulfuric),... 

We denote by Vr the volume of regenerant effluent recycled from one cation exchange cycle, and by Vea the volume of acid necessary for regeneration if it were used at the same concentration as in the production of ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate (55% for nitric acid and 98% for sulfuric acid). The acid is actually diluted twice, firstly when the regenerant solution is prepared and secondly in the resin bed by longitudinal diffusion wbich broadens the concentration profile at the front and tail. 

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