Active CheY mutants and analogs

CheYlSDK Generates clockwise rotation [18, 126, 128, 632] although it binds poorly to purified FliM [774]. Cannot be phosphorylated by CheA [126]. Its conformation is more similar to that of nonphosphorylated CheY and does not represent the activated state of CheY [324]. Might behave differently in vivo and in vitro [18]. 

CheY95IV Generates more phosphoiylation-dependent, clockwise rotation than wild-type CheY, and has an increased binding affinity to FliM [632]. Clockwise activity can be observed only in the presence of CheA [632]. 

CheY106YW Generates more phosphorylation-dependent, clockwise rotation than wild-type CheY but the phosphorylation and FliM-binding activities are normal [823, 824]. In this mutant, the side chain of Trp-106 stays exclusively in the inside position [824]. 

CheY13DK106YW Generates clockwise rotation without phosphorylation [628]. Binds like CheY P to FliM [136, 627], Has no binding activity to CheZ and does not induce CheZ oligomerization [136,627]. 

Phosphono-CheY Binds to FliM and CheZ, as does CheY P [272]. Unlike CheY P, does not generate clockwise rotation in semi-envelopes. Stable for months [272]. 

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