Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene bulk-produced

In bulk polymerization, the only components of the formulation are monomers and the catalyst or initiator. When the polymer is soluble in the monomer, the reaction mixture remains homogeneous for the whole process. Examples of homogeneous bulk polymerization are the production of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), general purpose polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) produced by free-radical polymerization, and the manufacture of many polymers produced by step-growth polymerization including poly(ethylene terephthalate), polycarbonate and nylons. In some cases (e.g., in the production of HIPS and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins), the reaction mixture contains a preformed... 

As described in Section 1.1, the first commercial polymers, which were naturally occurring, were polyisoprenes (natural rubber and gutta-percha) and subsequently cellulose derivatives. From the early twentieth century, various totally synthetic polymers were introduced. Farbenfabrrken Bayer introduced bulk polymerized totally synthetic elastomers in 1910. Poly(dimethyl butadiene) synthetic rubber was produced commercially by Bayer in Leverkusen during World War I. The 1920s saw the commercial development of polystyrene (PS) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). In 1934, the IG Farbenindustrie (a combine of Bayer, BASF, Floechst, and other firms) began to commercially manufacture butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer (N BR) as an oil resistant rubber and in 1937 butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBR) intended for pneumatic tires. 

There are three main classes of emulsion polymers that account for the bulk of the latexes produced today. These are the styrene-butadiene mbbers, polyacrylics and polyvinyl acetate. Most latexes are produced as copolymers within these general classifications, with the copolymer composition depending upon the desired latex properties. There are other latex classes, of lesser commercial importance, being produced, including polyurethanes (52), acrylonitrile-butadiene mbbers (299) and polyvinyl chloride dispersions (409). 

Polystyrene (PS) is an addition polymer, which may be produced by bulk, emulsion or suspension polymerization of styrene. Styrene is obtained from ethylbenzene by catalytic delydrogenatioa The PS is a vinyl polymer in which hydrogen is replaced by pheityl group. Its copolymers can be produced using different monomers such as butadiene, acrylonitrile, ethyleneoxide, and divinylbenzene. 

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