Acrylates, substituted, synthesis using

A convenient synthesis of substituted prolines using a copper complex of jV-pyruvylideneglycine and acrylic compounds has been described (Scheme 72). "... 

The C02-philic perfluoroalkyl-substituted (R,S)-3-H F -BINAPHOS ligand [34] was successfully applied to enantioselective hydrogenation in the inverted SCCO2/H2O system. The complex [Rh(cod)2]BARF was chosen as metal source and the active catalyst was formed in situ. Using the same procedure as above, similar activities and more than 98% ee were obtained consistently over five subsequent cycles in the hydrogenation of methyl 2-acetamido acrylate. The results demonstrate the potential of the inverted SCCO2/H2O system for asymmetric synthesis of chiral biologically active products. 

The Wittig-Horner (W-H) reaction is a versatile method for the synthesis of functionalized alkenes. The synthesis of 3-substituted ethyl acrylates and acrylonitriles, which are used as monomers in polymerization, were successfully carried out by the reaction of triethyl phosphonoacetate or cyanomethanephosphonate, respectively, with various aldehydes with activated Ba(OH)2 as the catalyst in the presence of dioxane solvent at 343 K (294). As was observed for other basic solid... 

The divergent method is illustrated in Fig. 2-22 for the synthesis of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers [Tomalia et al., 1990]. A repetitive sequence of two reactions are used—the Michael addition of an amine to an a,P-unsaturated ester followed by nucleophilic substitution of ester by amine. Ammonia is the starting core molecule. The first step involves reaction of ammonia with excess methyl acrylate (MA) to form LXIII followed by reaction with excess ethylenediamine (EDA) to yield LXIV. LXV is a schematic representation of the dendrimer formed after four more repetitive sequences of MA and EDA. 

---