Acid 3-p-D-Glucoside

Taxonomy Cycloartane Glycosides Combretum molle (Combretaceae) [1, 2]. 

Taxonomy Cycloartane Glycosides Cimicifuga simplex Wormsk. Ranunculaceae) [1]. Mp 229-230°C (from MeOH), [a]o +22.9° (c 0.6, MeOH). 

Taxonomy Cycloartane Glycosides Cimicifuga acerina Sieb. et Zucc. Ranunculaceae) [1]. 

Kusano, M. Shibano, G. Kusano, T. Miyase, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 44(11), 2078-2085 (1996) 

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Aryl glycosides of 2-amino-2-deoxy sugars, as might be expected, can be prepared by similar techniques as was illustrated by the synthesis of phenyl 3,4,6-tri-0-acetyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-p-D-glucoside and -D-galactoside by toluene -sulphonic acid catalysed reactions between phenol and the hexosamine penta-acetates These products were then anomerised using zinc chloride as catalyst to provide means of obtaining -anomers. 

Methylenedioxy-6-methoxyaiistolactam (91) was prepared from the methyl ester of aristolochic acid Ilia (4) by Zn-AcOH reduction, and it was also obtained by treatment of the methyl ether of tuberosinone (33) with sodium hydroxide (46,85). Similarly, 3,4-methylenedioxy-6-methoxyaristolactam-Al-P-D-glucoside (92) can be obtained from tuberosinone-iV-p-D-glucoside (86). 

Phenol, 5-methoxy-3-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethylj Lf 1.9 3209 Phenylalanine 1 3172 Phloriglucinol, P-D-glucoside St ° Phosphatase, adenosine-5 1 3172 Phosphoric acid 1 3172 Phthalate, N-butyl 0 ... 

Finally, the structure of capsimine-3-O-p-D-glucoside (315) was determined with IR, EIMS, FABMS, one- and two-dimensional 1h and 13c NMR, and acid hydrolysis to give glucose and capsimine [637]. 

Assay. Acid p-glucosidase hydrolyzes both water-soluble and lipid substrates. The activity, and hence the activation of this enzyme by cofactors, can therefore be determined with either kind of substrate. Due to the rapidity and convenience of assays with fluorogenic substrates, most workers prefer to use the commercially available 4-methylumbelli-feryl-p-D-glucoside. In some cases it may, however, be desirable, or even necessary, to confirm the results with the natural substrate, glucosylceramide. Both types of assays will therefore be described here. 

A large number of carotenoid compounds have been isolated from saffron. Crocins and crocetin have been already mentioned above and are listed in Table 2. a-Carotene (V), p-carotene (VI), lycopene (VII), zeaxanthin (VIII), phytoene (IX), phytofluene (X) are the minor ones [22]. Straubinger et al [23] have reported the identification of four novel glycoconjugated carotenoid breakdown products of saffron that are the P D-glucosides of (4R)-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-enone, (4S)-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-enone and (4S)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-enone as well as the P-D-gentiobiosyl ester of 2-methyl-6-oxohepta-2,4-dienoic acid. 

Standards catechin and gallic acid, 3,4 dihydroxybenzoic add (protocatechuic acid), chlorogenic acid, rutin were purchased from Across Organics (France), p-coumaric acid, isovitexin and quercetin 3-fi-D-glucoside were obtained from Fluka Chemical Company (France). 

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