Acid Degradation of Monosaccharides

The mechanism of HMF formation from D-fructose and sucrose was reviewed by Antal et a/.48 Several arguments were advanced for favoring a mechanism involving furanose rings and a fructose oxocarbonium ion over an open-chain [3-elimination mechanism that proceeds via an enediol intermediate to a 

Reported Products of Fructose Decomposition in Water at Elevated Temperatures49 

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