Acid catalyzed hydrolyses of acetals, ketals, and orthoesters

Acid catalyzed hydrolyses of acetals, ketals, and orthoesters 

The hydrolysis reactions of acetals, ketals, and orthoesters are catalyzed by acids but not by bases. It has been found that these three groups of substrates are hydrolyzed via a common general mechanism — involving similar types of intermediates — though the rate-determining step may vary from case to case. In the hydrolyses of ethyl orthoacetate, orthopropionate, and orthocarbonate, general acid catalysis was unambiguously established for the first time by Bronsted and Wynne-Jones [158]. 

A very thorough review article [159] in this field was written in 1967. Some new material has been published since then and is included in this 

Rate coefficients and Arrhenius parameters of the acid catalyzed hydrolyses of acetals, ketals, and orthoesters in water at 20 °C 

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