Acetone hydrocarbon

Acetic acid, methanol, acetone, hydrocarbons, phenols, levoglucosan, furfural... 

The heterogeneous class of compounds marked by solubility in so-called lipid solvents (acetone, hydrocarbons, ether, etc.) and relative insolubility in water, has traditionally been called lipids (3). This historical classification, based upon isolation procedures from natural products, is obviously too broad for simple generalizations since it includes triglycerides, fatty acids, phospholipids, sterols, sterol esters, bile acids, waxes, hydrocarbons, fatty ethers and hydrocarbons. For the purposes of this chapter, we will consider lipids to be fatty acids and their derivatives. 

Diethyl ether 0.117 34.5 General, low-melting compounds Acetone, hydrocarbons... 

A variant (BP scheme) consists in first separating the crude phenol from the acetone/ hydrocarbon combination, which is then treated separately. The phenol thus produced has a purity of about 99.8 per cent weight The 2000 ppm of ketone impurities which it contains make it often unsuitable for use in sulfooation,. chlorination and condensation with acetone (bispbenol), in line with the increasingly stringent quality requirements of commercial products. 

Phenols are very polar (phenol and dihydric phenols) to very non-polar (nonylphenol) as shown in Table 8.1. This makes it very complex to analyse the phenols in a single GC run. The non-polar phenols can be extracted with an acetone-hydrocarbon system as used for PAHs and PCBs. Using this extraction system may be effective for phenol, but during the washing step with water for removal of the acetone the phenol will be discharged with the water phase. Successful analyses of phenols in soil will be achieved if the scope is limited to the phenols that can be extracted and analysed in one run. 

Operation and maintenance of ESCA equipment and interpretation of its data are quite complex. Samples intended for ESCA and other surface analysis must be handled carefully because minute contamination can mask the surface structure of the samples. To alleviate this type of complication, the sample surface can be washed with volatile solvents such as methanol, acetone, hydrocarbons, and fluorocarbons using an ultrasound bath. Typically, analysis is conducted before and after the surface wash while studying a sample that has been handled and/or contaminated. Another application of surface wash is removal of loose material that may be weakly bound to the surface. The working details and data interpretation for ESCA are outside the scope of the present book. The interested reader is encouraged to refer to other sources to gain an in-depth understanding of ESCA. " ... 

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