Accuracy requirements

For short term simulations, accuracy requirements on the discrete solution make sense and we advocate error controlling adaptive integrators. Moreover, we have to further subdivide our classification due to the observations in Sec. 2.2 ... 

In [13], an efficient residual error estimation scheme has been introduced for controlling the quality of the approximation. This gives us a stopping criterion for the iteration guaranteeing that the quality of the approximation fits to the accuracy requirements of the stepsize control. 

The three principal methods of batch proportioning are accumulative, sequential, and simultaneous the best method for a given appHcation depends on the processing equipment available and the accuracy required. 

Greater accuracy of estimation may be achieved, within limits, by the expenditure of more time and money. The greater the accuracy required, the greater the time and effort needed to obtain the design and cost data prior to making the estimate. 

These techniques have been described previously in the pressure measurement section. Usually, one of the flow-measuring devices and the required instrumentation is incorporated as a part of the plant piping. The choice of technique depends on the allowable pressure drop, flow type, accuracy required, and cost. 

Provide environmental controls for inspection and test areas where measurement accuracy requires them. 

The requirement for procedures does not stipulate that they need to address all 30 requirements of this section of the standard. Procedures are required only for the control, calibration, and maintenance of these devices. The requirements in clause 4.11(a), for instance, requiring you to determine the measurements to be made and the accuracy required, are not requirements concerning the control, calibration, and maintenance of these devices. They are requirements concerning measurement. The procedure requirement only addresses the devices used for measurement and therefore does not apply to software other than software used for measurement. 

The standard requires the supplier to determine the measurements to be made and the accuracy required. 

The important factor in the design of these transformers is that the ratio between the actual quantity and that at the output of the transformer must be maintained accurately over the complete range of values, which the unit is required to measure. In general terms, the degree of accuracy required when the instmment is used for metering purposes is higher than when a straightforward indication of the quantity is needed. In both cases, the accuracy must conform to the relevant British Standard. 

The nature of the reference electrode used depends largely on the accuracy required of the potential measurement. In the case of breakdown of passivity of stainless steels the absolute value of potential is of little interest. The requirement is to detect a change of at least 200 mV as the steel changes from... 

In summary, when considering alternative processes for producing plastic and RP products, the major concerns usually involve (1) limitations that may be imposed by the material, because not all materials can be processed by all methods (2) limitations imposed by the design, such as the size, singlepiece versus multiple-piece construction, a closed or open shape, and the level of dimensional and tolerance accuracy required ... 

The nozzle, in which the fluid is gradually accelerated up to the throat of die instrument but expansion to pipe diameter is sudden as witii an orifice. This instrument is again expensive because of the accuracy required over the inlet section. 

The numerical solution to this problem is then obtained by inserting the appropriate values for the physical properties of the system and using as many terms in the series as are necessary for the degree of accuracy required. In most cases, the above series converge quite rapidly. 

The other major source of noise is vibration from the environment. The entire measuring system is, of course, mounted on appropriate rubber isolation pads. However, these are not adequate for the level of accuracy required. The residual vibration is eliminated from the signal by mounting the lower part of the optical reflection system on a spring which is driven by servo electronics that detects its movement. An effective free period for the spring of up to 60 s can be achieved in this way, and virtually all environmental vibration is eliminated from the measured signal. 

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