Absorption machines

Conventional refrigeration is based on the evaporation of a refrigerant. The evaporator produces cooling, the compressor generates high-pressure energy, and the condenser rejects heat to the environment. An absorption machine differs from a vapor compressor only in the way the refrigerant is compressed from the evaporator to the condenser. 

There are available also several kits for the assay of calcium, in 10 or 20 microliter samples by chelate formation colorimetrically or fluorimetrically. (Pierce Chem. Co., Rockford, 111.). These are read either with the spectrophotometer or by spectrofluorometry. In our experience, while these systems can be used for approximate results, the plot of concentration versus reading curves are rather flat and only an approximation of the values can be obtained. This may be very important late at night or at times when the atomic absorption machine is down, but if the atomic absorption instrument is available it should be used in preference to these procedures. 

RUHEMANN, M. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 25 (1947) 143. The ammonia absorption machine. Ibid. 152. A study of the generator and rectifier of an ammonia absorption machine. 

OCTYL ALCOHOL - ETHYL HEXANOL - Additive in absorption machines to reduce surface tension in the absorber. 

STEAM-ABSORPTION CONDENSER - That part of a steam-absorption machine in which the water refrigerant is condensed by cooling-tower water and returned to the evaporator or chiller. 

STEAM-ABSORPTION MACHINE - A refrigeration or air-conditioning machine which uses, as a refrigerant, water evaporated by absorption in a brine regenerated by steam and condensed by cooling-tower water. 

Several authors have considered different absorption machine configurations. Some systems are composed with simple stage machine [10-15] and others are formed by a succession of stages with various component associations and sometimes inserting other new components [16-20], In the following section, we present three different configurations... 

Figure 11.3 The performance of the double effect Rotex absorption machine in cooling mode (Gilchrist et al.,2002).

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