Absolute percentage yields

Use the sorted absolute deviations above and plot the critical Huber s k for each x i) versus the percentage of points retained (cumulative number of ordered absolute deviations) this yields insight into the sensitivity of the clipping process to changes in Huber s k (solid line, points). Note that a scale for k = 1,2,. .., etc. is given on the left side. 

Fig. 2.1 Accelerated stability testing. The percentage of drug remaining at elevated temperatures with time is measured (left) and the rate constants for the degradation reaction calculated. Using the Arrhenius relationship, a plot of the log of the rate constant against the reciprocal of absolute temperature of measurement yields a straight hne (right). Extrapolation of the Une permits calculation of the rate constant at lower temperatures and the prediction of shelf Ufe.

It can be proved that the refractive index of the mixtures depends linearly on the percentage of ethylene glycol. In the S-1 photoreaction both the photoisomerisation steps strongly depend on the absolute viscosity, whereas 3 is very small and stays nearly constant during the photoreaction. Since the determined values of quantum yield fit even for different mixtures of water/ethylene glycol with viscosity adjusted to the same value by variation of temperature (see Fig. 5.53), polarity effects of the solvent will influence the photoreaction less than viscosity effects [178]. 

Subst- rate No. Initial concentration of the starting dioxin, P o (10" M) Maximum irradiation time, max (h) Average percentage disappearance of the starting dioxin after max (%) Photolysis first-order rate constant k P (10 sec Absolute half-life , % (h) Quantum yield for the photodegradation. 

Tori and co-workers used ring-closing metathesis as a key step in their synthesis of several sphenolobane-type diterpenoids in an effort to determine the absolute configuration of these compounds.Higher yields were observed when 271, 273, and 275 were reacted with 1 in the presence of toluene, in comparison to 3 in refluxing dichoromethane. However, twice the molar percentage of 1 was required. 

Ketone Reagent (molar equiv) Reaction time (days) Yield (%) Percentage Observed ee Correction Absolute configu- ration... 

Entry Ketone Time Yield Percentage ee Absolute... 

Ketone Temp (°C) Time (h) Yield (%) Percentage ee Absolute configuration... 

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