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Mutagenesis by overlap extension PCR . PCR products are shown as two paired strands primers are shown as horizontal arrows and mutations in primers and products as black dots

Mutagenesis by overlap extension PCR . PCR products are shown as two paired strandsy primers are shown as horizontal arrowSy and mutations in primers and products as black dots

Mutagenesis carcinogenesis paradigm with BP.

Mutagenesis of individual catalytic domains. These selected examples illustrate how individual catalytic domains can be manipulated to control reductive cycle, stereochemistry, and monomer incorporation in modular PKSs. See Sec. VIA for details.

Mutagenesis of the predicted ATP binding site. ATP is shown in proximity to amino acids in four loops predicted to form the ATP binding site in the nucleotide binding domain and a fifth loop representing the phosphorylation site at Asp351 , Mutations and the corresponding Ca transport activity of the mutants relative to wild-type are indicated. From Clarke et al. 103 .

Mutagenesis scheme for Rb. capsulatus RCs. Single letters indicate restriction enzyme recognition sites

Mutagenesis strategy. A neo gene replaced one-third of the ORF and was used as a positive selectable marker. The HSV thymidine gene .

Mutagenic activities of the promutagens cis- and Xrms-diallate and sulfallate, the proximate mutagen cis-diallate sulfoxide, and the ultimate mutagen 2-chloroacrolein, assayed with S. typhimurium strain TA 100 sensitive to base-pair substitution mutagens. The diallate isomers and sulfallate are not mutagenic without the S9 mix. S9 mix refers to a microsomal oxidase system prepared from rat liver and appropriate cofactors. The methodology is detailed in Refs. 6, 22, and 29.

Mutagenic activities tV-benzoyloxy-TV-benzyloxybenzamide 28a, iV-benzoyloxy- V-bcnzylbcnzamidc 117 and V-benzyl- V-benzyloxybcnzamide 118 in 5. typhimurium TA100 without S9.

Mutagenic activity as a function of increasing frying time and temperature.

Mutagenic activity in Dutch surface waters

Mutagenic activity in TLC fractions of diesel particle extract assayed using tester strains

Mutagenic activity of a fractionated LH20 drinking water concentrate as detected with nitroreductase-deficient bacterial strains. LH20 fractionated drinking water concentrates were tested in the Salmonella mutagenicity test as described in Materials and Methods. Each point represents the average value of three plates.

Mutagenic activity of captan and bis- disulfide assayed with S. typhimurium TA 100

Mutagenic activity of fructose-amino acid mixtures in Ames strain TA100. Reproduced with permission from Ref. 58. Copyright 1981, Institute of

Mutagenic activity of norwogowin in Salrooneila tvphirauriuni strain TAIOO with S9 activation. From reference 19.

Mutagenic activity on TA98 with S9 mix of the basic organic extract of

Mutagenic activity recovered in TLC fractions of the three diesel particle extracts described in Table 1.

Mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines .

Mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines of the carboline group Glu-P-1 2-amino-6-methyl-dipyrido l,2-a

Mutagenic or carcinogenic dihydrodiols which may be proximate metabolites of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons .

Mutagenic photochemical reactions in DNA helix, 5-bydro-6-hydroxy cytosine and thymin dimer.

Mutagenic photochemical reactions in DNA helix, 5-hydro-6-hydroxy cytosine and thymin dimer.

Mutagenicities of BA, BaAcr, and BcAcr angular ring tetrahydroepoxides in Sj typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100.

Mutagenicities of BA, BaAcr, and BcAcr bay region diol epoxides in S. typhimurium TA 100 and Chinese hamster V79 cells. .



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