Zeeman spectra

The ground multiplet of Pu I was subsequently established by Bovey and Gerstenkorn ( ). Combining Harwell Zeeman spectra (from an electrodeless discharge tube containing 39p ... 

Indications of the feasibility of this approach are to be found in the work of Bowers et al. (2, 3) on the photolysis of iodine vapor in the cavity of an EPR spectrometer, and in the theoretical investigations of Beltran-Lopez et al. on the microwave Zeeman spectra of atomic fluorine and chlorine 1, 8). However, these studies were mainly concerned with the precise determination of atomic g factors to verify the Zeeman theory and involved specialized spectral equipment. The present investigation demonstrates that the spectra of atomic fluorine, chlorine, and bromine are readily observable in commercially available EPR equipment and that reasonable estimates may be made of their concentrations. 

The determination of the experimental splitting of the 1 /8 1 round state for the B and Ga acceptors from the attributions of the high-resolution Zeeman spectra gives an ordering, in agreement with those calculated by Broeckx [22], but it shows that the 1/2 sublevels shift linearly with field with a positive gi/2 factor whereas the 3/2 sublevels show nonlinear shifts and splitting,... 

Fig. 1.4. Rotational Zeeman spectra of the lio - 2xi rotational transition in propene, methyl-enecyclopropene, cyclopentadiene, and fluorobenzene. For better comparison, spectra calculated for the same magnetic field strength are shown. The calculation is based on the experimentally determined -values and susceptibility anisotropies. While the order of magnitude of the M 1 splitting (j -tensor contribution) remains essentially the same, the shifts of the M = 0 satellite and of the M = + 1 doublet due to the jj-tensor contribution increase almost by a factor of ten when going from the small open chain molecule propene to the aromatic ring fluorobenzene. These susceptibility shifts are indicated by the horizontal arrows to the right for M 1 shifts and to the left for M = 0 shifts.

Fig. III.19. Calculated Zeeman spectra of the 2n—22o rotational transition show how the correct set of rotational g -values may be deduced from the Zeeman splittings at intermediate fields where the off-diagonal quadrupole hyperfine matrix elements cause different mixing of states and thus different Zeeman patterns for the two choices. (The observed spectra corresponds to the pattern on the left with g a negative). The calculated patterns were obtained by numerical diagonalization assuming Lorentzian lineshapes with half-widths of 40 kHz for the satellites...

FIGURE 2-10. Zeeman spectra of spectral lines of scandium. [From Ph.D. dissertation by Lorin Neufeld, Kansas State University.]... 

The fine structure of atomic line spectra and the hyperfine splittings of electronic Zeeman spectra are non-symmetric for those atomic nuclei whose spin equals or exceeds unity, / > 1. The terms of the spin Hamiltonian so far mentioned, that is, the nuclear Zeeman, contact interaction, and the electron-nuclear dipolar interaction, each symmetrically displace the energy, and the observed deviation from symmetry therefore suggests that another form of interaction between the atomic nucleus and electrons is extant. Like the electronic orbitals, nuclei assume states that are defined by the total angular momentum of the nucleons, and the nuclear orbitals may deviate from spherical symmetry. Such non-symmetric nuclei possess a quadrupole moment that is influenced by the motion of the surrounding electronic charge distribution and is manifest in the hyperfine spectrum (Kopfer-mann, 1958). 

Bar] were held fixed in fitting the Zeeman spectra. 

Figure 3 Zeeman spectra of samarium atoms. The applied magnetic field is 0, 115x10", 224 x 10 and 352 x 10- T for (A), (B), (C) and (D) respectively. The peaks represented by squares and circles correspond, respectively, to the transition of 1525, ...

Figure 5 Zeeman spectra after calibration on the horizontal axis and peak assignments. The top part of the spectrum is the same as the one shown in Figure 4. Magnified spectra of just the area of the peaks for the Sm atoms are shown in the middle and the lower parts, in which the magnetic field is 0 T and 167.38 x 10- T respectively. The label above each peak is to indicate the relevant change in the magnetic quantum number, m, to the one with m, associated with the optical transition.

In Figure 4 a set of raw data obtained in Zeeman spectroscopy of Sm at R = 167.38 x 10 T is shown as an example. The uppermost part corresponds to the Zeeman spectra for samarium atoms with the natural isotopic abundance ( Sm 3.1%,... 

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