Wavelength listed

E9 1. For each pair of wavelengths listed below, specify which one is higher in energy. 

The last line of Table 7.2 indicates the total optical output power for each ion laser, in terms of multiline visible power. However, this power is distributed among many wavelengths and is not useful directly for Raman spectroscopy. Multiline output is often used to pump dye lasers or titanium sapphire lasers, but these cases are fairly rare in analytical applications. Most often, a prism is added to the laser cavity to select one of the wavelengths listed in Table 7.2. As apparent in the table, Ar+ and Kr+ have a few strong lines that are popular for Raman (e.g., 488, 514.5, and 647.1 nm) plus several more at lower power. The mixed-gas Ar+/Kr+ laser provides less power but covers a wider range of visible wavelengths than Ar+ or Kr+ alone. 

This table gives the index of refraction of liquid water at atmospheric pressure, relative to a vacuum, at several temperatures and wavelengths. It is generated from the formulation in Reference 1, which covers a wide range of temperature, pressure, and wavelength. The wavelengths listed here correspond to prominent lines of cadmium (226.50 and 361.05 nm), potassium (404.41 nm), sodium (589.00 nm), Ne (632.80 nm, from a helium - neon laser), and mercury (1.01398 pm). 

A revision of the analysis by van den Bosch and van Kleef [8, 9, 10] with the aid of new observations of the spectrum, including Zeeman spectrograms, and of the wavelength list, received from Albertson in 1954, led to a preliminary list of 76 even levels and 181 odd levels which was included in the tables on atomic energy levels [11]. 

Four types of transitions between quantized energy levels account for molecular UV/Vis spectra. The approximate wavelength ranges for these absorptions, as well as a partial list of bonds, functional groups, or molecules that give rise to these transitions is shown in Table 10.5. Of these transitions, the most important are the n and TZ —> TZ, because they involve functional groups that are characteristic... 

The sensitivity of an atomic absorption line is often described by its characteristic concentration, which is the concentration of analyte giving an absorbance of 0.00436 (corresponding to a percent transmittance of 99%). Eor example. Table 10.11 shows a list of wavelengths and characteristic concentrations for copper. 

The following table lists the molar absorptivities for the Arsenazo complexes of copper and barium at selected wavelengths. " Determine the optimum wavelengths for the analysis of a mixture of copper and barium. 

Grey-green zones on a white background resulted they exhibited weak red fluorescence under long-wavelength UV light (X = 365 nm) glucose and fructose exhibited pale blue fluorescence in method B. Some hRf values are listed in Table 1. 

Sensitized by Acetophenone. A -butanol solution of (114) (2.10 M) and acetophenone (0.8 M) is irradiated for 6 hr at 30° under nitrogen with a Hanau Q 81 high-pressure mercury lamp through a Pyrex-acetone filter (path length 1 cm, cut-off of wavelengths below 3270 A). Better than 98 % of the incident light is absorbed by the acetophenone. A 70% conversion of (114) to the same products as listed above is observed. The ratio (118) (120) is again -2 1. 

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