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Water, sources and quality issues

The critical issue for a successful RO plant is pretreatment. Long-term operating experience proves the viability of continuous MF/UF pretreatment of RO for the desalination of a wide variety of water sources. MF/UF has proven to simplify and reduce the costs of traditional pretreatment, comprised of deep-bed media filters combined with chemical treatment. MF/UF produces filtrate of a consistent quality almost irrespective of fluctuations in feed-water quality. In the last five years, RO-membrane improvements, combined with the use of membrane filtration for pretreatment, have halved the cost of advanced treatment and are now more widely used for the reuse of municipal wastewater. [Pg.236]

See other pages where Water, sources and quality issues is mentioned: [Pg.162]    [Pg.195]    [Pg.454]    [Pg.680]    [Pg.946]    [Pg.1064]    [Pg.1064]    [Pg.1064]    [Pg.1064]    [Pg.1066]    [Pg.1066]    [Pg.162]    [Pg.195]    [Pg.454]    [Pg.680]    [Pg.162]    [Pg.195]    [Pg.454]    [Pg.680]    [Pg.946]    [Pg.1064]    [Pg.1064]    [Pg.1064]    [Pg.1064]    [Pg.1066]    [Pg.1066]    [Pg.162]    [Pg.195]    [Pg.454]    [Pg.680]    [Pg.237]    [Pg.141]    [Pg.2]    [Pg.237]    [Pg.562]    [Pg.2160]    [Pg.107]    [Pg.110]    [Pg.144]    [Pg.441]    [Pg.266]    [Pg.468]    [Pg.1082]    [Pg.568]    [Pg.118]    [Pg.450]    [Pg.19]    [Pg.3]    [Pg.1916]    [Pg.855]    [Pg.178]    [Pg.693]    [Pg.82]    [Pg.44]    [Pg.563]    [Pg.70]    [Pg.424]    [Pg.2164]    [Pg.367]    [Pg.133]    [Pg.516]   


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SOURCES AND QUALITY ISSUES

Water issues

Water quality

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