Walking track analysis

Figure 21.10 Walking track analysis, (a) sciatic function index (SFl) values of rats at 2,4, 8, 10, and 14 weeks after implantation, n=3 P<0.05 (b) footprints at4 (bl), 8 (b2), and 14 (b3) weeks postoperatively.

Saikko V, Calonius O. Slide track analysis of the relative motion between femoral head and acetabular cup in walking and in hip simulators. J Biomech 2002 35 455-64. 

Direct observation of molecular diffusion is the most powerful approach to evaluate the bilayer fluidity and molecular diffusivity. Recent advances in optics and CCD devices enable us to detect and track the diffusive motion of a single molecule with an optical microscope. Usually, a fluorescent dye, gold nanoparticle, or fluorescent microsphere is used to label the target molecule in order to visualize it in the microscope [31-33]. By tracking the diffusive motion of the labeled-molecule in an artificial lipid bilayer, random Brownian motion was clearly observed (Figure 13.3) [31]. As already mentioned, the artificial lipid bilayer can be treated as a two-dimensional fluid. Thus, an analysis for a two-dimensional random walk can be applied. Each trajectory observed on the microscope is then numerically analyzed by a simple relationship between the displacement, r, and time interval, T,... 

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