Vulcanization cure with high energy

Some polysiloxanes are curable with lead monoxide, with a consequent reduction in both curing time and temperature. High-frequency electrical energy vulcanizes in one case at least. Zirconium naphthenate imparts improved resistance to high temperatures. Barium salts are said to prevent blooming. Sulfur dichloride is also used. Some resins are solidified by pressure vulcanization, using di-f-butyl peroxide. Improvements are to be found in lower condensation temperatures and shorter times of treatment... 

The cure reaction is obviously highly complex, and expressing such a system of reactions in a simple first-order reaction with an activation energy results from a strong assumption. As the problem is vast, only two studies are considered the one concerned with the sulfur vulcanization process, and the other more specifically based on the explanation of the scorch delay kinetics. 

In summary, we have presented a method for the dynamic shear testing of post cure bonded and vulcanized in-place rubber-to-metal bonds at high speeds. This method is applicable for the testing of elastomeric energy absorbing bumper systems on automobiles in the five miles per hour range. This method has the capability of reproducible results with greater consistency than previous methods. 

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