VS growth

Growth Process (see text) Catalyst Phase Short Ebscontinuous Fiber Products 

Metal particle catalyzed chemical vapor deposition Liquid metal and/or liquid metal alloy (Au-Si, Fe-FejC, other) droplets catalyze whisker growth o Si, SiC and other whiskers o Short SiC and SijN fibers o SiC nanowhiskers and batts o Short graphite and carbon fibers o Short carbon TiOj microcoils o Carbon nanotubes (Ugh yields) 

Metal particle catalyzed chemical vapor infiltration Liquid metal and/or liquid metal alloy droplets 0 Silicon nitride fibers with high strength, 0 Uniform SiN microcoils 

Laser ablation Liquid metal alloy nanodroplets 0 Single crystal silicon nanowires 0 Single crystal Ge nanowires 

Metal catalyzed caibo-thermal reduction Liquid metal and/or alloy droplets 0 SiC whiskers from SiOj and C o SiC whiskeis/powder from SiN 

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Figure 7. age vs. growth band age for three coral sub-samples, all younger than 200 years old (after Edwards 1988 and Edwards et al. 1988). All three points lie on a 1 1 line indicating that the °Th ages are accurate and that initial is negligible, justifying the use of Equation (1) to determine °Th age. 

Hiqh and low pressure LCVD fibers (a) Reactor pressure vs. growth rate (t>) Tip temperature vs. properties (c) Side growth versus rip growth (a) Versatility versus whisker processes Commercial hot filament CVD fibers... 

Figure 8.9 Growth curves of carbon fibers from benzene by a CCVD process, (a) Substrate temperature vs growth time showing the temperature regimes for the nucieation, elongation and thickening processes, (b) Fiber iength and thickness vs growth time corresponding to the temperature time schedule shown in (a). Source Reprinted from Endo M, Koyama T, Kotai Butsuri (In Japanese), 12, 1, 1977.

Fig. 20.18 Grain size for different concentration of precursors in solution for metal oxide synthesis vs. growth and calcinations temperature, (a) Sn02 was synthesized using a method based on the pyrolytic reaction of SnCl -SH O dissolved in methanol. In contrast to the conventional spray pyrolysis technique, pyrolytic reaction does not take place during deposition on the surface of nanocrystals. The treatment in the range of 400-900 °C was carried out after drop deposition on the substrate (Adapted with permission from Cirera et al. 1999, Copyright 1999 Elsevier), (b) Sn02 powders were synthesized by hydrothermal method (Adapted with permission from Baik et al. 2000a, b, c. Copyright 2000 John Wiley Sons)...

Figure 9.32 Pasture yield vs. growth time with sigmoidal model.

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