Voxels Plate

Figure 9 (a) Three-dimensional view of 3D solid concentration with a horizontal gas jet in the fluidized bed (b) 3D voxel-volume-averaged solid phase velocity vector map in the Y-Z plane of the fluidized bed (c) 3D voxel-volume-averaged solid phase vector map (Wang et al., 2008) (see Plate 12 in Color Plate Section at the end of this book). 

Fig. 11. [Reproduced in colour in Plate 21 on page 435.] Automated voxel grid extraction. The inputs are voxel size (dX, dY, dZ), the Top and Bottom horizons (given in depth) and a reference frame. The output is a voxel grid geometry in physical coordinates (X, Y, Z).

Fig. 12. [Reproduced in colour in Plate 22 on page 436.] (A) The facies model captures implicitly discontinuities related to faults as shown with the distribution of texture-based seismic facies in three dimensions within the hanging wall and foot wall of a fault. The voxel grid geometry defined for the reservoir model is superimposed on the facies model to show how the facies will be associated to the voxels. The facies being located in the centre of the voxel is used to define the property of the cell. (B) Distribution of the facies within the voxel grid geometry.

Fig. 18. [Reproduced in colour in Plate 27 on page 441.] Comparison of porosity at the top of the reservoir for the two voxel models, (a) Voxel model based on acoustic impedance only, (b) Voxel model based on acoustic impedance and three-dimensional seismic facies results.

A round-shape lateral cross-section of voxels is preferable in most fabrications. We tried to ehminate the non-unit lateral axis ratio by polarization modification. Circularly- and non-polarized beams were realized by inserting a 780 nm antireflection-coated c-axis-cut quartz A/4 retardation plate and a visible-range double-plate-type quartz depolarizer into the light path, respectively. In both cases, there is no preferential direction of light intensity distribution at the focal spot. Experimentally a nearly perfect round shape was achieved for both cases, as shown in Fig. 30e,f. 

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