Volta potentials, conduction bands

Figure 5.7. Schematic representation of the definitions of work function O, chemical potential of electrons i, electrochemical potential of electrons or Fermi level p = EF, surface potential %, Galvani (or inner) potential

Figure 12. Schematic representation of the density of states N E) in the conduction band and of the definitions of work function chemical potential of electrons //, electrochemical potential of electrons or Fermi level //, surface potential Galvani (or inner) potential tp, Volta (or outer) potential and Fermi energy ] for the catalyst (W) and for the reference electrode (R). The measured potential difference Vw/ is, by definition, the difference in Galvani potentials (p, pi, and // are spatially uniform e4> and cm vary locally on the metal sample surfaces and the potentials vanish, on the average, for the gas-exposed catalyst and reference electrode surfaces. (Reprinted, with permission from Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, from Ref. 4.)...

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