Vitreous state

Hagg, G. (1935). The vitreous state. Journal of Chemical Physics, 3, 42-9. 

The number of defects is maximal in the amorphous and liquid states. The phase diagram in Figure 5 shows the volume-temperature relationships of the liquid, the crystalline form, and the glass (vitreous state or amorphous form) [14], The energy-temperature and enthalpy-temperature relationships are qualitatively similar. 

From these observations Zachariasen concluded that glass can be thought of as an infinitely large unit cell containing an infinite number of atoms. The difference between the crystalline and the vitreous state is, therefore, found in the presence or absence of periodicity - what we would now describe as long range order , which is a fundamental property of a crystalline structure. This theory explains many of the differences between glasses and crystals, such as ... 

I. Gutzow and J. Schmelzer, The Vitreous State. Thermodynamics, Structure, Rheology and... 

OB that the heat capacity of the vitreous state Cpf is very similar to the heat capacity of the crystal Cpf and that both, T being equal, are notably lower than the heat capacity of the molten state (C y). 

Because H fusion is difficult to measure as a result of the high value of 7), it may be derived indirectly through calculations involving the vitreous state (see Berman and Brown, 1987) or through the Clausius-Clapeyron equation for the crystal-melt equilibrium (cf equation 6.48 and section 6.3). 

Gibbs, J. H. (1963) in Modern Aspects of the Vitreous State (ed. Mackenzie, J. D.) Butterworths, London. 

The polymerization kinetics of the bisbenzocyclobutene diketone monomer 14 (Fig. 10) were studied in the melt at various temperatures by infrared spectroscopy [48]. This technique has the advantage that it is relatively insensitive to the physical state of the system as it proceeds from monomer melt through the gel point and into the vitreous state. In addition, quantitative... 

THE TRANSITION INTO THE VITREOUS STATE AND THE HYDROGEN BONDS... 

The aim of this work is the quantitative description of the hydrogen bonds frozen during the transition into the vitreous state. The theory is based on the general kinetical theory of vitrification proposed by us in an earlier paper [3]. Let us write the equation for the formation and dissociation of the hydrogen bonds. It is an equation for a bimolecuiar process of the form... 

---