Vinyl pyridine polymerization with ATRP

A higher value of kgg indicates a high free radical concentration in the system, which can result in a higher degree of chain termination whereas a low kgg indicates a low radical concentration that will slow down the rate of polymerization. Under optimized ATRP conditions, a relatively lower kgg value will be normally maintained, which practically eliminates the undesired chain termination and results in the formation of polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions. A variety of functional monomers such as styrene, acrylates, acrylamides, vinyl acetate, vinyl pyridine, and vinyl pyrrolidone can be conveniently polymerized using this technique [79, 80]. 

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