Vibrating-orifice atomization

Vibrating- Orifice Atomization 103-104 Standard deviation <1.05 Ca, Zn, Al Low Very low Low Very narrow size distribution, High EE Coarse particles,Very low volume productivity... 

There are a number of techniques for generating aerosols, and these are discussed in detail in the LBL report (1979) and in volumes edited by Willeke (1980) and Liu et al. (1984). We briefly review here the major methods currently in use these include atomizers and nebulizers, vibrating orifices, spinning disks, the electrical mobility analyzer discussed earlier, dry powder dispersion, tube furnaces, and condensation of vapors from the gas phase. 

Constant-ouput atomizer, tri-jet aerosol generator, electrostatic classifier, vibrating-orifice aerosol generator, fluidized-bed aerosol... 

Ultrasonic nozzles are designed to specifically operate from a vibration energy source. In ultrasonic atomization, a liquid is subjected to a sufficiently high intensity of ultrasonic field that splits it into droplets, which are then ejected from the liquid-ultrasonic source interface into the surrounding air as a fine spray (Rajan and Pandit 2001). A number of basic ultrasonic atomizer types, like capillary wave, standing wave, bending wave, fountain, vibrating orifice, and whistle, etc., exist. 

This vibration system involves a Turbotak air-atomizer in which a pressurized air is injected to mix with the sodium alginate solution. Pressurized air forces the minute liquid droplets out through the orifice of a nozzle and is sprayed into the calcium chloride solution. When these droplets come in contact with calcium chloride solution, calcium ions diffuses into the droplets of sodium alginate, which leads to form microgel droplets. Hydrogel particles thus formed can be further reinforced by poly-L-lysine or chitosan to form a membrane on the droplets. The particle size of hydrogel beads can be obtained in the range of 5 and 15 pm by the use of air atomization technique. ... 

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