Vertical ultrasonic nebulizer

In the vertical ultrasonic nebulizer the sample solution is injected continuously at a constant rate directly onto the vertical face of the vibrating quartz crystal (Figure 39). The nebulization efficiency is about 50 and 25% at sample flow rates of 0.1 and 3 mlmin respectively. 

Ultrasonic nebulizers may divide into the liquid couplet and vertical crystal systems. Ultrasound is produced by the piezo-electric effect on certain crystals. The crystal vibrations are then transmitted to the solution to be nebulized. 

There are two types of ultrasonic nebulizer (the liquid coupled and vertical crystal systems). The principles of these nebulizers are described in Section 3.2. 

---