Vacuum membrane distillation configuration

Figure 6.12 Common configurations used for membrane distillation (a) DCMD.direct contact membrane distillation (b)AGMD, air-gap membrane distillation (c) SGMD,sweep gas membrane distillation and (d)VMD, vacuum membrane distillation (Caputo etal.,2007).

There are different studies published in the literature on the use of membrane distillation for the treatment of waters contaminated by As, as reported in the following. Most of them deal with the DCMD configuration, although some experiments on the use of AGMD are also reported. Only recently, the potentialities of the vacuum configuration have been also explored. 

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