Upwelling of asthenosphere

Injection of the asthenosphere was associated with the eastward horizontal convective flow caused by the upwelling of asthenosphere beneath the northeastern China region (Fig. 1.165). 

Figure 1.165. Schematic diagram showing the effect of upwelling of asthenosphere beneath a continent which is adjacent to an arc-trench. system (Tatsumi et al., 1990).

Lithospheric stretching, passive upwelling of asthenosphere and variable degrees of decompression melting at various mantle levels in an intracontinental rifting setting ... 

---