Up-pumping Calculations, Simulations and Sensitivity

Tokmakoff, Payer and Dlott solved Eqs. (12) for shock up-pumping of naphthalene [51]. To solve Eqs. (12), the parameters needed are heat capacities which are easily determined from tables or from statistical mechanics, the energy transfer parameter k(V) and the initial phonon quasitemperature 0p(O). The timescale of the up-pumping process is essentially determined from the Hess and Prasad [139] low-temperature Raman measurements of the lineshapes of doorway vibrations at 175 and 212 cm, which gives t(0). Equation (13) can then be used to determine the value at ambient pressure k(Vo) = 2.7 J mopl-K  

100-170 nm for pressures from 0-10 GPa. Tokmakoff, Fayer and Dlott estimated that typical explosives such as HMX should not differ from the naphthalene results by more than a factor of two [51]. 

In 1994, Fried and Ruggerio [83] looked at up-pumping in seven primary, secondary or insensitive explosives. Using neutron scattering data obtained by 

---