Unlocking the Secret of DNA

In 1962, James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery that the structure of DNA is a double helix. This double helix is made up of two chains of DNA bound to each other by the ability of each A base to form a weak chemical bond to a T base and each C to a G. The bases only paired with their base partners, so that where one strand had a T, the other had an A, and where one had a C, the other had 

Codon (triplet of 3 nucleotides, e.g., UUU, Which code for a specific amino acid) 

In the 1960s, scientists developed methods that allowed them to figure out the order, or sequence, of bases in a DNA molecule. The methods have been modified over the years so that machines can now do much of the work, but the principle remains the same. The sequencing method requires  

The DNA, the primer, and the four bases are placed in four test tubes. The primer is chemically tagged with dye. Then, a chemically modified version of one base—A, T, C, or G—is added to each test tube. The reaction is started with the addition of DNA polymerase. In each tube, sets of DNA strands, complementary to the DNA to be sequenced, are made. Synthesis of a strand stops when, at random, the modified form of the base is added. There are millions of copies of the DNA to be sequenced in each tube, and at the end of an hour or so, there are millions of copies of strands, each stopped 

Moving genes from one species to another is distasteful to some people because it allows genetic changes to occur outside the natural mating processes. What are your opinions on this issue Would they be influenced by the planned use of a particular biotechnology product  

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