Ultrasonic hydrodynamic voltammetry

Dewald HD, Peterson BA (1990) Ultrasonic hydrodynamic modulation voltammetry. Anal Chem 62 779-782... 

Figure 6. Ultrasonic hydrodynamic modulation voltammetry. System Ferrocyanide in aqueous solution at platinum electrode (taken from ref. 31). Scan rate 25 mV sec-1. Silent traces are shown for comparison. Ulltrasound from 38-kHz bath.

Cyclic voltammograms can be presented in an alternative format to that shown in Fig. 5 by using a time rather than potential axis, as shown in Fig. 8. The equivalent parameters in steady-state voltammetric techniques are related to a hydrodynamic parameter (e.g. flow-rate, rotation speed, ultrasonic power) or a geometric parameter (e.g. electrode radius in microdisc voltammetry). 

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