U-boats

Some mercury has also been inadvertently dumped at sea. In 2003, after years of searching, the Norwegian Navy found a German U-boat that had simk in 1945 dmdng World War II about 56 km from their coast in l40-m water depth. This ship was transporting 65 tonnes of mercury to Japan. About 4 kg has escaped and contaminated an area covering 30,000 m, with elevated concentrations found in the sediments and benthos. A debate is now underway as to whether to try to recover the mercury or to seal it in place with layers of concrete, sand, and gravel. 

John Terraine, Business in Great Waters The U-Boat Wars 1916-1945 (London Leo Cooper, 1989), pp. 28-33, 74-7, 90, 125-7, 149. 

Nevertheless the increase in U-boat activity in 1916 made it easier for the British to stiffen their blockade. An order in council on 30 March made contraband liable to capture if found on a neutral vessel bound for a neutral port but destined for the enemy another order on 7 July... 

Holger Herwig, Total rhetoric, limited war Germany s U-boat campaign, 1917-1918 , in Chickering and Forster (eds.). Great War, Total War, pp. 189-206. 

Britain contributed technical innovation, industrial and financial power, and military manpower to the Allied victory. Hydrophones, tanks and aircraft are obvious examples of new weapons, and hardly suggest industrial backwardness or military conservatism. However, innovation with traditional weapons was no less important. New scientific artillery techniques made a bigger contribution to the defeat of the German army in 1918 than the more publicised tank. Even new weapons depended upon tactical innovation to be effective. The army s success was possible only when the different arms - artillery, infantry, tanks (when available) and aircraft - had learned to operate together. The navy s success over the U-boat required the adoption of the convoy system as well as the development of hydrophones. 

Business in Great Waters The U-boat Wars 1916-1945, London Leo Cooper, 1989. 

Einmann U-Boot (One-Man U-Boat). A German weapon of WWII which was also known as Eintr.enr. Torpedo (One-Man. Torpedo). It consisted of a small submarine to the bottom... 

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