Typha sp.

Oxidized root channels have been observed for few species, including rice (Oryza sativa), cattails (Typha sp.), reeds (Phragmites), Spartina sp., Carex sp., and Potomogeton sp. (see review of Mendelssohn et al, 1995). The iron-enriched plaques essentially consist of FeOOH minerals (see Section 7.8.1). Excessive ferric iron precipitation can block the uptake of nutrients. Gas exchange within the root can also be decreased by dense plaque formation. 

Thalassia testudinum Spartina altemiftora Glyceria borealis Typha sp Juncus balticus Carex scoparia Scirpus polyphyllus Zostera marina... 

Typha sj>.)). A bloom of filamentous green algae (Splrogyra sp.) occurred in the unshaded pond during Year 2. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were added to the ponds one week prior to the study each year. 

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