Two Basic Experiments of Water Flow

Let us expose an empty aquarium to rain. The vessel will fill up and water will overflow laterally toward the bases of drainage. The observation that the water is flowing indicates that the water surface, or water table, is slightly inclined (Fig. 2.12) by the critical angle of flow. This angle is determined by properties of the water, mainly viscosity, which in turn is determined by salinity and temperature. If the vessel is exposed long enough 

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The phenomenon of lateral overflow is of basic importance in groundwater systems in steady-state conditions, typical for unconfined groundwater systems, the rocks beneath the level of the terminal base of 

Terminal base of drainage (zero hydraulic potential) 

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