Triflate trifluoroacetate, methyl

IV-Phenylimidazolium triflate IV-Phenylimidazolium perchlorate 2-(Bromo)-4,5-(dicyano)imidazole IV-Methylbenzimidazolium triflate Pyridinium tetrafluoroborate IV-Methylanilinium trifluoroacetate lV-(p-Acetylphenyl)imidazolium triflate IV-Phenylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ImidazoUum perchlorate 5-(/t-Nitrophenyl)-l//-tetrazole 4,5- (Dicy ano)imidazDle 4-(Phenyl)imidazDlium triflate Benzimidazolium tetrafluoroborate Imidazolium tetrafluoroborate Imidazolium triflate Benzimidazolium triflate 2-(Phenyl)imidazolium triflate A-Methylimidazolium triflate 4-(Methyl)imidazolium triflate l//-Tetrazole... 

Various additives have been added to PFSA membranes to either replace the water or to retain the water at higher temperatures. Nafion has been swollen with phosphoric acid and a conductivity of 0.05 S/cm has been achieved at 150°C. Unfortimately, the anode fails after a short period of time in these membranes so no successful FC tests have been run. 1-Butyl,3-methyl imidazolium triflate and tetrafluoroborate have also been used to swell Nafion giving a conductivity of 0.1 S/cm at 180°C. Nafion has also been swollen with heterocycle solutions, imidazole, and imidazolium salts in trifluoroacetate and trifluoro methane sulfonate solution, although the reported conductivities are more modest, 10 S/cm at 100°C. Acetic acid and tetra-n-butylammonium chloride solutions of the heteropoly acid (HPA), 12-phosphotungstic acid (PTA), have all been used with Nafion giving improved FC performance at 110°C and 120°C, respectively, vs. the undoped PFSA. ... 

It has been estimated that vinyl cation, CH2=CH, lies between ethyl cation and methyl cation in its stability. The intermediacy of substituted vinyl cations in solvolysis reactions has been demonstrated, but no evidence has yet been presented for their direct observation by NMR. Even the addition of stabilizing substituents such as methoxyphenyl has failed to yield observable vinyl cations. Vinyl cations are, however, intermediates in solvolysis reactions involving very good leaving groups, specifically trifluoromethanesulfonates (triflates). The products of such reactions are allenes, acetylenes, and vinyl esters. For both trifluoroacetic acid and acetic acid solvolysis the vinyl esters are mixtures of Z and E isomers, ruling out a stereospecific substitution." ... 

---