Transmission electron microscopy tilt angles

In the 1960 s, electron microscopy moved forward to include commercialization of the first scanning electron microscope and ultrahigh-volts e transmission electron microscopy. In addition, specimen stages that were able to rotate and tilt allowed more angles of the specimen to be viewed. In the 1980 s and 1990 s, environmental electron microscopes were developed to examine samples under more natural temperature and pressure conditions. 

In another work, Richard etal. suspended and sonicated Img of SWNTs or MWNTs in % SDS solution that was above the critical micellar concentration (CMC). The adsorbed SDS molecules were observed via transmission electron miCToscopy (TEM, see TVansmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Techniques), which revealed that SDS formed regular striations over the entire surface of the CNT in a half-cylinder pattern. They observed three different types of supramolecular orientations on the CNT, which differed by the angle of striations relative to the tube axis. The striations were either perpendicular to the tube axis, which suggested that halfcylinders form rings around the CNTs, or tilted by 2° to 30° depending on the diameter of the MWNT, which... 

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