Translatability preservation methods

Belen kaya, N. G., "Methods of Restoration of Books and Documents, "New Methods for the Restoration and Preservation of Documents and Books, pp. 24-49, Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Ltd., 1964. 

Pravilova, T. A. Instrubtsina, T. V. "Preservation of Paper Documents by the Buffering Method, in "Preservation of Documents and Papers," Flyate, D. M., Ed., Academy of Sciences of the USSR Laboratory for the Preservation and Restoration of Documents, Israel Program for Scientific Translations Jerusalem, 1968 72. 

In conclusion, because ECD and ETD induce fragmentation along the peptide backbone that is essentially sequence independent and preserves post-translational modifications, this method is an effective alternative dissociation method for peptides and proteins, especially for the analysis of post-translational modifications. 

Water molecules are constantly in motion, even in ice. In fact, the translational and rotational mobility of water directly determines its availability. Water mobility can be measured by a number of physical methods, including NMR, dielectric relaxation, ESR, and thermal analysis (Chinachoti, 1993). The mobility of water molecules in biological systems may play an important role in a biochemical reaction s equilibrium and kinetics, formation and preservation of chemical gradients and osmotic pressure, and macromolecular conformation. In food systems, the mobility of water may influence the engineering processes — such as freezing, drying, and concentrating chemical and microbial activities, and textural attributes (Ruan and Chen, 1998). 

The ease with which a molecular model can be fitted to the observed density depends on the resolution at which the map is calculated (compare figures 2.1(c), 2.1 (d), 10.4 and 10.5) and its quality. The resolution limit of the calculation is set by the phase determination method. For the method of isomorphous replacement, phasing is successful usually to =2.5-3.0 A. In the case where a related structure is already known the method of molecular replacement (Rossmann (1972)) can be used whereby rotation and translation matrices are determined and then calculated phases used. Clearly, these two procedures are both approximate methods. The model is usually improved by using least-squares methods of refinement (for a collection of papers see Machin, Campbell and Elder (1980)) and higher resolution data (better than 2 A or so). Refinement methods involve the determination of shifts to the atomic parameters (coordinates and thermal parameters) so as to agree better with the observed diffraction data whilst preserving the known stereochemical features of proteins and nucleic acids. This is achieved by minimising a composite observational function ... 

Yabrova, R. R. (1964). The effectiveness of book reinforcement by poymethylacrylate emulsion. In N. Y. Solechnik (Ed.), New methods for the restoration and preservation of documents and books (pp. 83-98). Israel Program for Scientific Translations. 

In the calculations of the electronic structure of these polypeptides, we applied the all-valence electron MINDO crystal-orbital method in its MINDO/3 parametrization. The calculations involved atomic coordinates corresponding to the antiparallel-) -pleated-sheet structure of Pauling and Corey S hence we had a combined symmetry operation in the case of poly( y) each gly unit was obtained in this polymer from its neighboring one by a translation along the helical axis through 3.25 A and by a simultaneous 180° rotation around it. In order to preserve the cyclic property of the Fock hypermatrix of the whole polymer (which is... 

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