Total exchangeable anion

Anion A negatively charged ion in an electrolyte solution, attracted to the anode under the influence of a difference in electrical potential. Chloride is an anion. Anion exchange capacity Sum total of exchangeable anions that a soil can adsorb. Expressed as centimoles of negative charge per kilogram of soil. 

Represents the exchangeable anion in the anion exchanger Gram equivalents per hter of total displacing anion in solution... 

Anions participate in chemical conversions and in the total exchange dynamics in the soil to an essentially lesser extent than cations. The reason for this is that they are less adsorbed on the colloidal complex, since the soil adsorbents are negative rather than positive on their surfaces. The soil exchange capacity increases with the acidity for anions, which is connected with an increase of the positive charge of soil colloids, particularly of hydrated oxides. In cultivated soils of the Temperate Zone, with a pH... 

X]3R, and [Ni-Cr-X]3R, where X can be a halide or an oxoanion (El Malki, de Roy, and Besse 1989 de Roy 1990 El Malki 1991). Total exchange was observed for anions except for CIO3, IO3, Re04, and CIO4. The list of the LDHs prepared by an anionic exchange reaction is given in Table 7-4 (see the next section). 

By exchange experiments (see Section 5.3), it is possible to measure the total amount of anions and cations sorbed thus we can introduce (Chorover and Sposito 1995) the total adsorbed cation surface charge and the corresponding total adsorbed anion surface charge a. The balance between both is the net adsorbed ion surface charge, which is also related to other contributions ... 

Polymeric coagulants do not affect pH therefore, the need for supplemental alkalinity, such as lime, caustic, or soda ash, is reduced or eliminated. Polymeric coagulants do not add to the total dissolved soHds concentration, eg, 1 ppm of alum adds 0.45 ppm of sulfate ion (expressed as CaCO ) the reduction ia sulfate can significantly extend the capacity of anion-exchange systems. 

Isolation of Inosine by Ion Exchange Method Half of the above clear centrifugate (1.15 liters) is treated with 250 cc of anion exchange (bicarbonate form) and stirred together therewith for 16 hours at room temperature. The pH value is increased thereby to about 4 to 5. The ion exchanger is filtered off under suction and washed 3 times, each time with 150 cc of water. The solution is brought to a pH value of 7 by means of normal sodium hydroxide (total volume of the solution about 1.55 liters), and concentrated to a volume of about 100 cc under vacuum. 

CATION/ ANION type Resin Notes Total Wet Exchange Capacity meq/ml Max. Open Temp °F Swelling e.g. Na H... 

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