Thermosynechococcus vulcanus

Kainiya, N. Shen, J.-R. (2003) Crystal structure of oxygen-evolving photosystem II from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus at 3.7 A resolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 98-103. 

Iwaki, T., Shiota, K., Al-Taweel, K., Kohayashi, D., Kobayashi, A., Suzuki, K Yui, T., and Wadano, A. (2008) Inhibition of RuBisCO cloned from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus and expressed in Escherichia coli with compounds predicted by Molecular Operation Environment (MOE). Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 105, 26-33. 

Figure 5.3 Scheme of the structure of PSII with main cofactors and electron transfer processes involved in water oxidation. From the X-ray structure of cyanobacteria Thermosynechococcus vulcanus, with a resolution of 2.9A (X-ray structure PDB 3BZ1). ... 

Thermosynechococcus (T.) vulcanus crystallizes as a dimer (Figure 3.4.2) that contains about 2,800 solvent water molecules [7], Each monomer consists of about 20 protein subunits that harbor 77 cofactors 35 chlorophylls (Chi a) 11 p-carotenes 2 plastoquinones (PQ) 2 pheophytines (Pheo a) 1 Mn4OsCa complex 2 heme Fe 1 nonheme Fe and 1 hydrogen carbonate, HCO3/CO3. The overall reaction of PSII is that of a light-driven water plastoquinone oxidoreductase [1] ... 

Recent crystallographic data for PSII obtained from the bacteria Thermosynechococcus elongatus and Thermosynecho-coccus vulcanus confirm the presence of an Mri4-cluster, coordinated by donor atoms in the polypeptide backbones of the enzyme. The arrangement of the metal atoms appears to be planar or near-planar. Two examples of model complexes... 

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