Thermoplastic substance

A hard resinous thermoplastic substance of the same chemical composition as rubber hydrocarbon but having the ftvms-structure. See Cis-trans Isomerism. Formerly extensively used for the insulation of submarine cables (now superseded by polyethylene) and in the early manufacture of golf balls (now superseded by... 

Fundamentally, any reaction of a low-MW alcohol to produce an ester or ether can be done with a polysaccharide. Many derivatives have been made, including those made with difunctional reagents for the purpose of cross-linking molecules [101]. Only a few have been commercialized. Highly substituted ethylcellulose, a thermoplastic substance with organic solvent solubility, is made commercially. 

The use of paint coatings based on duroplast or thermoplastic substances... 

Phenols. The first stable ozone oxidation product of phenol in water is ds ds-raucomc acid, which requires - 2 mol O /mol phenol. In practice, larger dosage levels of ozone are required because other ozone-reactive substances are present in most wastes. Ozone oxidation of phenoHc effluents is employed in paper mills, coke mills, oil refineries, and thermoplastic resin manufacture, producing effluents that are safe to freshwater biota (122,123) (see Lignin Pulp). 

The electrostatic behavior of intrinsically nonconductive substances, such as most pure thermoplastics and saturated hydrocarbons, is generally governed by chemical species regarded as trace contaminants. These are components that are not deliberately added and which may be present at less than detectable concentrations. Since charge separation occurs at interfaces, both the magnitude and polarity of charge transfer can be determined by contaminants that are surface active. This is particularly important for nonconductive liquids, where the electrostatic behavior can be governed by contaminants present at much less than 1 ppm (2-1.3). 

The Babylonians and Assyrians cemented stone slabs as well as bricks with bitumen (which is sometimes also referred to as asphalt), a mixture of a black or brown natural organic material with a pitchy luster and comminuted mineral. Bitumen is a thermoplastic solid material when heated above 50°C, it softens and becomes a thick, viscous liquid that reverts to a solid on cooling. It is composed of a natural mixture of hydrocarbons (organic substances composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) that occurs in natural... 

This term was originally limited to the chemical reaction of rubber with sulphur to bring about the following effects (a) reduced thermoplasticity, (b) increased tensile strength and resistance to abrasion, and (c) reduced solubility in organic solvents. Since many other substances can bring about the above changes the term has now been widened to include any treatment which will introduce crosslinks in the rubber matrix. Vulcanised Latex... 

USP acid test analy chem A United States Pharmacopoeia test to determine the carbonizable substances present In petroleum white oils. yti es pe as ad. test) UV stabilizer chem Any chemical compound that, admixed with a thermoplastic resin, selectively absorbs ultraviolet rays used to prevent ultraviolet degradation of polymers. Also known as ultraviolet stabilizer. yu ve sta ba.iTz ar)... 

COUPLING (Chemical). Reactions for the formation of chemical compounds usually by establishing a valence bond between a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom. Phenols and several other organic substances are also said "to couple. Polyphenylene oxides, thermoplastic materials, are produced by means of oxidative-coupling technology. 

THERMOPLASTIC. A high polymer that softens when exposed to heat and returns to its original condition when cooled to room temperature. Natural substances that exhibit this behavior are crude rubber and a number of waxes however, the term is usually applied to synthetics such as polyvinyl chloride, nylons, fluorocarbons, linear polyethylene, polyurethane prepolymer, polystyrene, polypropylene, and cellulosic and acrylic resins. See also Plastics. 

Transformation of epoxy resins, which are viscous liquids or thermoplastic solids, into network polymers is a result of interaction with alkali or acid substances by means of to polyaddition and ionic polymerization mechanisms.10 A resin solidified by to the polyaddition mechanism, is a block copolymer consisting of alternating blocks of resin and a hardener or curing agent. A resin solidified by the ionic mechanism is a homopolymer. Molecules of both resin and hardener contain more than one active group. That is why block copolymer formation is a result of multiple reactions between an epoxy resin and a curing agent.11... 

Historically, PEB has been used as an additive flame retardant for thermoset polyester and thermoplastic resins during the 1970s and 1980s. In 1977, the production of PEB was 45-450 metric tons [60]. The production of PEB declined to 5-225 metric tons in 1986, and in 1988, there was no ongoing or intended production or processing of this substance [60]. Information on the current manufacturers or processors of PEB is not publicly available in addition, information on the amount of PEB currently produced (if any) is confidential. However, PEB is listed as a low-production-volume chemical manufactured by Albemarle in France according to the European... 

So far, it would seem that only thermosetting resins are suitable for reinforcement with continuous fibres. Historically, this is a logical situation, since impregnating is easiest with a not too highly viscous liquid, such as a resin, which is still a low-molecular substance during impregnation. Molten thermoplastics, on the contrary,... 

Inulin etherification products have utility in cosmetics or pharmaceuticals as carriers for water-insoluble substances or to stabilize aqueous solutions of compounds with low water solubility. They may also be used as emulsifiers or as an additive in textiles and paper and as softeners of thermoplastic polymers (Kunz and Begli, 1995). 

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