Thermo-osmotic concentration difference

Chapter 3 deals with theoretical and experimental studies of thermo-osmosis of liquids and gases along with thermo-osmotic concentration differences. Correlation with kinetic theory has also been attempted. Chapter 4 is concerned with experimental and theoretical studies of electro-kinetic phenomena, e.g. electro-osmosis and streaming in a system containing two subsystems separated by a membrane. Relationship with Helmholtz double layer theory has been examined with a view to provide physical interpretation of phenomenological coefficients. Theory and experiment have been compared to assess the range of validity of thermodynamic theory. Chapters 3 and 4 are concerned with discontinuous systems involving a membrane as barrier. 

Equation (3.87) is a set of n relations which can be solved to yield thermo-osmotic pressure difference, AP and thermo-osmotic concentration difference Ac (j = 1,2,..., ) as a function of temperature difference AT. 

Figure 3.9. Experimental set-up for the measurement of thermo-osmotic concentration difference.

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