Thermal model of nociception

Mohamad AS, Akhtar MN, Zakaria ZA, Perimal EK, Khalid S, Mohd PA, Khalid MH, Israf DA, Lajis NH, Sulaiman MR (2010) Antinociceptive activity of a synthetic chalcone, flavokawin B on chemical and thermal models of nociception in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 647 103... 

De Sousa et al. [156] reported on the pharmacological effects of (R)-(+)-pulegone on the CNS. Pulegone was shown to have a central depressant effect, increased the latency of convulsions, and to inhibit both chemical and thermal models of nociception. The authors suggest, therefore, that pulegone is a psychoactive substance with activities of analgesic dmgs. 

ZO093 Vaz, Z. R., L. V. Mata, and J. B. Calixto. Analgesic effect of the herbal medicine catuama in thermal and chemical models of nociception in mice. Phytother Res 1997 11(2) 101-106. 

Animal models of nociception can be divided according to the therapeutic indication Acute Pain, Migraine Pain, Inflammatory Pain, Visceral Pain, Neuropathic Pain. Different degrees of chronification (up to weeks in neuropathic pain models) and different stimuli (mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical) are used depending on the experimental question. In most cases a nociceptive threshold (e g. withdrawal latency of a paw) is determined. Sometimes, nociceptive intensities are determined e.g. in order to quantify hyperalgesia. 

---