Thermal boundary layer streamline flow

Figure 11,11, Thermal boundary layer — streamline flow...

It was already indicated in the preceding sections that this thermal boundary-layer structure does not occur when a particle (or body) is entirely surrounded by closed streamlines (or closed stream surfaces). In this case, the convection process near the body can no longer transfer heat directly to the streaming flow where it is carried into the wake, but instead circulates it only in a closed path around the body. Thus the heat transfer process is fundamentally altered, because heat can escape from the body only by diffusing slowly across the region of closed streamlines (or stream surfaces). Because the size of this region is independent of Pe, the steady-state temperature gradients will be 0(1), and we expect that... 

Pressure oscillations behind detonation waves in tubes have been previously observed by Desbordes. These oscillations axe associated with the nonideal flowfield immediately following the detonation. This nonideal character immediately behind a detonation in a tube is due to the curvature of the detonation front, which is produced by the diverging streamlines associated with the mass sink effect of the thermal boundary layer on the tube walls. The flow behind the curved front is slightly supersonic with respect to the front rather than sonic as in... 

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