The uniqueness and stability of equilibrium in closed systems

Let the equilibrium constants satisfy the conditions (72) (73) and (75). This suggests that there exists at least one positive PDE, c. Let us show that in this case any steady-state point is that of detailed equilibrium when the law of mass action (active surfaces) is valid. 

Assuming that we have an ideal gas, let us calculate a G derivative from eqn. (18). 

Here we have taken into account that ce = Af IV, therefore 

Consequently, if the law of mass/surface action is suggested from the existence of at least one PDE, then it follows that there exists a dissipation function of the composition G whose derivative equals zero only at PDEs. The product RTG has the dimensions of energy. 

After an elementary transformation, we obtain (it is recommended that the reader do it for himself) 

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